In 1943 Peter, a 21-year-old Dutch citizen, faces a choice: forced labour in Germany or go into hiding with the help of the resistance movement. After the war he faces another choice: remain in the Netherlands or emigrate from the war-torn country. Throughout his life Peter's decisions are influenced by his strong family ties and his deep personal faith. Above the Pigsty provides a glimpse into the daily life of one onderduiker (person in hiding) during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands from 1940 to 1945 and for the first year after liberation by the Allied troops....
In 1943 Peter, a 21-year-old Dutch citizen, faces a choice: forced labour in Germany or go into hiding with the help of the resistance movement. After the war he faces another choice: remain in the Netherlands or emigrate from the war-torn country. Throughout his life Peter's decisions are influenced by his strong family ties and his deep personal faith. Above the Pigsty provides a glimpse into the daily life of one onderduiker (person in hiding) during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands from 1940 to 1945 and for the first year after liberation by the Allied troops.
Each year, millions of children die of environmental causes and many more suffer serious illness or injury. Children are often the most vulnerable to the condition of their environment -and their health is an index of its quality - but their wellbeing is rarely given priority by governments or aid agencies. Ironically, the problems can be traced back to matters which can be treated straightforwardly and at relatively low cost - poor drinking water or food, or infectious diseases which can be controlled. This book gives a multidisciplinary account of the environmental health hazards threatening children and the range of impacts they can have. It also explains what can be done, by communities as well as governments and aid workers, to provide safe and healthy environments for children. The book looks at conditions in a range of cities in the developing world, as well as pollutants and other health problems affecting children in the North. Published in association with UNICEF, and written by some of the same authors as Environmental Problems in Third World Cities (Earthscan, 1993), this provides excellent course material, and will be useful for practitioners working on child development, infant and maternal health, environmental health and community development. David Satterthwaite is Director of the Human Settlements Programme at the International Institute for Environment and Development, and principal author of Environmental Problems in Third World Cities (1993) and Squatter Citizen(1989).
New edition of Environmental Problems in Third World Cities Cities in Africa, Asia and Latin America contain some of the world's most life- and health-threatening human environments. Environment-related diseases and injuries cause millions of preventable deaths each year. In many squatter settlements, children are 40 to 50 times more likely to die before the age of five than they would be in Europe or North America and most such deaths are environment-related. Many cities also cause serious environmental degradation to their surroundings and increasingly contribute to global warming. This updated and much expanded edition of the classic Environmental Problems in Third World Cities describes environmental problems and their effect on human health, local ecosystems and global cycles. It points to the political causes that underpin many of these problems - including ineffective, unaccountable governments, and aid agencies' reluctance to work with the urban poor. It also highlights innovative solutions such as: * High-quality, low-cost homes and neighbourhoods developed by urban poor groups working with local non-governmental organizations * Local Agenda 21s developed by municipal governments in partnership with community organizations.* In their analysis, the authors show that cities can meet sustainable development goals. There are practical, affordable solutions to their environmental problems, but most of these depend on more competent and accountable city governments and on more support for low-income households and their organizations. The book also outlines the changes needed international aid agencies to support this. PRAISE FOR THE FIRST EDITION 'It's rare to encounter a work as authoritative and accessible as this. It is a mine of useful information from cities in every corner of the Third World, which does not shy away from the immensity of the problems, but says as much about the solutions to them as about the problems themselves' Jonathon Porritt 'Well written and very accessible' The Geographical Journal 'Of value to students, teachers, practitioners, policy makers and aid agencies' Third World Planning Review 'A valuable resource for understanding the underlying problems[this book offers] practical alternatives' Cities International.
Pirmasens, their hometown in Germany, was one of the first cities that required the citizens to evacuate as the town was located in close proximity to the French border. The adventures started with the first evacuation from Pirmasens. The evacuees were required to report to the local train station and taken to a safe city by train. During the evacuations, the family was often attacked by machine gun fire from the vertical dive bombers known as Stucka’s. Among other adventures, they found bones of an aborted baby in the woods after they had evacuated their hometown. Going for days without food was not uncommon. They became very creative about obtaining food, clothing, and other necessities which were in rare supply. Pauline recalls the postwar time in 1945 when the Americans came into town to take control. Hitler portrayed the enemy as dark, hunched-over creatures. Posters were hung throughout every city, depicting the enemy. Surprisingly enough, Inge met the first time an American who was tall and handsome, nothing like the creature she expected to see. That was also the first time she ever tasted chewing gum. Chewing gum was the treat the American soldiers handed to the German children during the first encounter. Soon thereafter, the family received care packages from American citizens with food, toys, and clothing. The postwar years were plagued with people starving. At least, shortly after the war, August was able to return home to his family. Together, August and Pauline were able to assure the family that the war was over and now begins the journey of becoming valued members of the German society.
An enormous number of burial objects have been unearthed from ancient tombs in archaeological excavations in China. These mingqi were made in all kinds of materials and in a broad range of forms, techniques and craftsmanship. In this book Quinghua Guo examines a particular type of mingqi -- pottery building. The striking realism of the pottery buildings suggests that they were modelled after actual buildings. They bring to life courtyard houses, manors, towers, granaries and pigsty-privies, as well as cooking ranges and well pavilions. These pottery buildings, previously little known, preserve knowledge of antiquity and demonstrate the architectural quality and structural variety of the period. The author identifies the typology of the pottery buildings they signify in terms of ontology and semiology, in order to provide a conceptual map for classification, and identifies building systems reflected by the mingqi to detect architectonic systems of the Han dynasty. Key features of this volume include: Cross-disciplinary research -- architectural study interlocking with archaeological study; architectural study interlocking with graphic study. The Han pottery buildings are important architectural models from the ancient world, and are contrasted with wooden houses of Middle-Kingdom Egypt and brick buildings of the Minor civilisation, Crete, allowing cross-cultural comparisons.
The first comprehensive survey in English of Hungarian architecture, from prehistoric settlements to contemporary experiments. Perhaps most revealing to Western readers are the illustrations and line drawings, which document one of the most neglected but fascinating architectural traditions of Europe. 305 illustrations, 12 in color.
