A Study of the Distribution and Habitat Preference of Meiobenthos of a Freshwater Tidal Marsh on the James River, Virginia
Author: Katherine Elizabeth Munson
Publisher:
Published: 1980
Total Pages: 96
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKPosts
Invertebrates in Freshwater Wetlands of North America
Author: Darold P. Batzer
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Published: 1999-03-15
Total Pages: 1122
ISBN-13: 9780471292586
DOWNLOAD EBOOKWetlands are crucial ecosystems that help filter a great number of toxicants out of the earth's waters. They must be managed and occasionally even built from scratch, including all of the flora and fauna that grows there. Invertebrates play a key role in the wetland food chain. This comprehensive resource is the first dedicated solely to the ecology and management of invertebrates.
Habitat Development Field Investigations, Windmill Point Marsh Development Site, James River, Virginia
Author: R. J. Diaz
Publisher:
Published: 1977
Total Pages: 164
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKHabitat Development Field Investigations Windmill Point Marsh Development Site, James River, Virginia. Appendix F. Environmental Impacts of Marsh Development with Dredged Material: Sediment and Water Quality. Volume II. Substrate and Chemical Flux Characteristics of a Dredged Material Marsh
Author: Donald D. Adams
Publisher:
Published: 1978
Total Pages: 505
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis volume is the second of a two-volume appendix presenting the results of chemical and sedimentological studies conducted at a dredged material marsh development site located near Windmill Point, on the tidal freshwater James River, 16 km below Hopewell, Virginia. Sediment and water quality studies conducted before, during, and shortly following dredged material disposal for marsh site construction are presented in Volume I. This volume presents results of substrate sediment studies conducted at the marsh development site and a natural reference marsh 6, 18, and 24 months after site construction. It also compares the physical and chemical transport characteristics of the two marshes based upon monitoring tidal water quality conditions 18 and 24 months following habitat development. Sediment cores were collected and processed using techniques designed to document horizontal and vertical physical and chemical gradients and allow comparisons between sampling periods. Temperature, pH, redox potential, water and volatile solids content, particle size composition, mineralogy, cation exchange capacity, and interstitial and total concentrations of nutrients, carbon, and metals were studied. Metal associations with organic, easily and moderately reduceable and residual sediment phases were also examined.
Habitat Development Field Investigations, Windmill Point Marsh Development Site, James River, Virginia
Author: Robert J. Diaz
Publisher:
Published: 1977
Total Pages: 158
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKMacrobenthos was sampled in a tidal freshwater portion of the James River, Va., near Windmill Point, in the area of construction of a wetlands habitat from dredged materials -- the development being directed by the Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station. The benthic communities in the area of the habitat development site were dominated by the bivalve Corbicula manilensis; the oligochaetes Limnodrilus spp. and Ilyodrilus templetoni; and larvae of the insects Coelotanypus scapularis and Hexagenia mingo. The dominant organisms are generally eurytopic with respect to sediments; many had higher densities in muddy sediments, although Corbicula preferred sand. Most of the important species were highly opportunistic and thus the community was able to recover quickly from perturbations. This characteristic minimized the effects of habitat development. Acute impacts were detected at the habitat site where organisms were buried by construction and at the excavation where organisms were removed along with the sand and gravel used in construction of the dike. Long-term changes associated with the habitat were limited to areas of gross sediment alteration, such as at the excavation and dike perimeter. No other broad-scale effects, acute or long term, could be detected that were attributable to the habitat construction. More extensive acute effects due to sedimentation may have occurred but, because of its resilience, the community was able to recover in the 6 months that lapsed before postconstruction sampling.
Habitat Development Field Investigations. Windmill Point Marsh Development Site, James River, Virginia, Summary Report
Author: John D. Lunz
Publisher:
Published: 1978
Total Pages: 147
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKA marsh habitat was developed using fine-textured inorganically and organically enriched sediments dredged from the James River navigation channel in the winter of 1974-75. During the period between the autumn of 1974 and September 1977, engineering and ecological activities were accomplished to document marsh construction operations and environmental alterations that accompanied the marsh habitat development. The hydraulic construction of a relatively inexpensive sand dike on a soft river bottom foundation and the ability of the dike to contain fine-grained hydraulically dredged sediments were demonstrated. Ecological monitoring and experimental studies of plants, soils, sediment and water quality; fish, aquatic invertebrate, and wildlife communities; and metals and chlorinated hydrocarbon compound uptake by marsh plants were also conducted. The ecological studies contrasted preconstruction and postconstruction conditions and compared postconstruction conditions with those of a natural marsh habitat. The freshwater inter-tidal, semi-contained and upland dredged material substrate was nearly completely covered with over 75 types of naturally invaded plants within about 6 months following its construction.
Habitat Development Field Investigations Windmill Point Marsh Development Site James River, Virginia. Appendix F. Environmental Impacts of Marsh Development with Dredged Material: Sediment and Water Quality. Volume I. Characteristics of Channel Sediments Before Dredging and Effluent Quality During and Shortly After Marsh Habitat Development
Author: Donald D. Adams
Publisher:
Published: 1978
Total Pages: 86
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis volume is the first of a two-volume appendix presenting the results of chemical and sedimentological studies conducted at a dredged material marsh development site located near Windmill Point, on the tidal freshwater James River, 16 km below Hopewell, Virginia. Navigation channel sediments were collected in January 1975, before dredging and marsh development, and described according to their temperature, pH, oxidation reduction potential, percent water, percent volatile solids, particle size composition, mineralogy, and cation exchange capacity. Sediment interstitial water and total sediment concentrations of sulfides and various nutrients and metals were also documented. The relationships between channel sediment characteristics and the chemical quality of effluent leaving the diked marsh development site were studied under three different conditions: (a) in January, 1975--during actual dredging and dredged material disposal for marsh substrate development, (b) during dewatering (2-4 days after the completion of dredged material disposal operations), and (c) in May 1975- 3.5 months after dredging, before the beginning of marsh vegetation planting operations had begun or any extensive natural vegetation development had occurred. Particulate concentrations of chemical substances in the dike effluent during dredging were apparently influenced by oxidation and reduction reactions and solubilization from exchangeable or organic sediment phases. Effluent concentrations were compared with channel sediment concentrations.
The Ecology of Tidal Freshwater Marshes of the United States East Coast
Author: William E. Odum
Publisher:
Published: 1984
Total Pages: 196
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis report is part of a series of community profiles produced by the Fish and Wildlife Service to provide up-to-date information on coastal ecological communities of the tidal freshwater marsh community along the Atlantic coast from southern New England to northern Florida. Tidal freshwater marshes occupy the uppermost portion of the estuary between the oligohaline or low salinity zone and nontidal freshwater wetlands. By combining the physical process of tidal flushing with the biota of the freshwater marsh, a dynamic, diverse, and distinct estuarine community has been created. The profile covers all structural and functional aspects of the community: its geology, hydrology, biotic components, and energy, nutrient and biomass cycling.
Habitat Development Field Investigations, Windmill Point Marsh Development Site, James River, Virginia
Author: Donald D. Adams
Publisher:
Published: 1978
Total Pages: 96
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKHabitat Development Field Investigations, Windmill Point Marsh Development Site, James River, Virginia. Appendix D. Environmental Impacts of Marsh Development with Dredged Material. Botany, Soils, Aquatic Biology, and Wildlife
Author: VIRGINIA INST OF MARINE SCIENCE GLOUCESTER POINT.
Publisher:
Published: 1978
Total Pages: 517
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKA marsh island habitat was constructed in the James River between November 1974 and February 1975 from fine-grained dredged material partially contained by a sand dike. The marsh-island contained 4.9 ha of intertidal and low-lying upland substrate within the dike and an intertidal mudflat outside the dike. Benthic invertebrates, fish, wildlife (particularly birds), plants and soil characteristics of the habitat development site were studied from summer 1976 to fall 1977. Between the completion of site construction and the beginning of ecological studies, the island was sprigged and seeded with wetland and upland vegetation. The majority of the planted wetland species were grazed and destroyed by wildlife (particularly Canada geese); most of the upland seeded species were displaced by native plant invasion. The marsh island habitat development was beneficial to the region with respect to biological resources by providing an increase in both food and cover for fish and wildlife relative to the original shallow river bottom. The developed habitat compared favorably with natural reference areas in terms of fish and wildlife resources and productivity. The major threat to the island is severe erosion of its upstream end. Continuous erosion would expose the fine-grained interior of the marsh island to the energies of the mainstream James River.
