Medical Monopoly
Medical Monopoly

Author: Joseph M. Gabriel

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2014-10-24

Total Pages: 345

ISBN-13: 022610821X

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During most of the nineteenth century, physicians and pharmacists alike considered medical patenting and the use of trademarks by drug manufacturers unethical forms of monopoly; physicians who prescribed patented drugs could be, and were, ostracized from the medical community. In the decades following the Civil War, however, complex changes in patent and trademark law intersected with the changing sensibilities of both physicians and pharmacists to make intellectual property rights in drug manufacturing scientifically and ethically legitimate. By World War I, patented and trademarked drugs had become essential to the practice of good medicine, aiding in the rise of the American pharmaceutical industry and forever altering the course of medicine. Drawing on a wealth of previously unused archival material, Medical Monopoly combines legal, medical, and business history to offer a sweeping new interpretation of the origins of the complex and often troubling relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and medical practice today. Joseph M. Gabriel provides the first detailed history of patent and trademark law as it relates to the nineteenth-century pharmaceutical industry as well as a unique interpretation of medical ethics, therapeutic reform, and the efforts to regulate the market in pharmaceuticals before World War I. His book will be of interest not only to historians of medicine and science and intellectual property scholars but also to anyone following contemporary debates about the pharmaceutical industry, the patenting of scientific discoveries, and the role of advertising in the marketplace.

A Gentleman of Color : The Life of James Forten
A Gentleman of Color : The Life of James Forten

Author: Boston Julie Winch Professor of History University of Massachusetts

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2002-01-24

Total Pages: 530

ISBN-13: 0198024762

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In A Gentleman of Color, Julie Winch provides a vividly written, full-length biography of James Forten, one of the most remarkable men in 19th-century America. Forten was born in 1766 into a free black family. As a teenager he served in the Revolution and was captured by the British. Rejecting an attractive offer to change sides, he insisted he was a loyal American. By 1810 he was the leading sailmaker in Philadelphia, where he became well known as an innovative craftsman, a successful manager of black and white employees, and a shrewd businessman. He emerged as a leader in Philadelphia's black community and was active in a wide range of reform activities. He was especially prominent in national and international antislavery movements, served as vice-president of the American Anti-Slavery Society, and became close friends with William Lloyd Garrison, to whom he lent money to start up the Liberator. Forten was also the founder of a remarkable dynasty. His children and his son-in-law were all active abolitionists and a granddaughter, Charlotte Forten, published a famous diary of her experiences teaching ex-slaves in South Carolina's Sea Islands during the Civil War. When James Forten died in 1842, five thousand mourners, black and white, turned out to honor a man who had earned the respect of society across the racial divide. This is the first serious biography of Forten, who stands beside Harriet Tubman, Frederick Douglass, Booker T. Washington, and Martin Luther King, Jr. in the pantheon of African-Americans who fundamentally shaped American history.

A Catalogue of Books in the Library of the American Antiquarian Society
A Catalogue of Books in the Library of the American Antiquarian Society

Author: American Antiquarian Society

Publisher:

Published: 1837

Total Pages: 584

ISBN-13:

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Collection includes about 8,000 vols. donated by Isaiah Thomas, founder of the Society. The catalogue is "almost wholly the work of the late lamented librarian, Christopher C. Baldwin ... completed and brought up to the present date by ... Maturin L. Fisher."

Nautical and Maritime Culture, from the Past to the Future
Nautical and Maritime Culture, from the Past to the Future

Author: E. Fasano

Publisher: IOS Press

Published: 2019-11-22

Total Pages: 242

ISBN-13: 1643680390

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Since the dawn of history, the sea has connected and divided human societies. In order to address this, increasingly ingenious and innovative technological solutions have been developed, and the sea has never been an insuperable barrier to mankind. This book presents the proceedings of ICNM 2019, the 3rd International Conference on Nautical and Maritime Culture, held in Naples, Italy, on 14 and 15 November 2019. The conference covers all conceptual and theoretical aspects relating to nautical and maritime culture, and topics covered by the 21 papers presented here include: the history of ships and navigation; maritime museums and libraries; naval architecture and the evolution of marine engineering; the conservation of nautical marine and maritime heritage; ship and nautical design; careers at sea; and the evolution of the waterfront and the coastal marine environment. The ICNM conference promotes dialogue between academics, professionals, and those involved in maritime research and development, and the book will be of interest to all those with an involvement in nautical and maritime culture.