HISTORY OF GEOCHEMISTRY AND COSMOCHEMISTRY, FROM PREHISTORY TO THE END OF.
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Published: 2024
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13: 9781527576148
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Published: 2024
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13: 9781527576148
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Robert W. Boyle
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Published: 2024-05-01
Total Pages: 632
ISBN-13: 1527576507
DOWNLOAD EBOOKSince Mendeleev outlined the modern periodic table in 1869, many new uses have been found for the 92 naturally occurring elements. This book travels back in time to describe the utilization of materials familiar (gold, copper, iron) and arcane (arsenic, boron, red ochre) and their practical history (mining, metallurgy and crafts), with evidence from archaeology and geology. Together with the technological developments, author Robert Boyle portrays the advances in our understanding of materials science which led to modern geological and environmental sciences. It is a source book valuable to students of history and archaeology, mining and metallurgy, as well as to geologists, mineralogists and geochemists everywhere.
Author: Cyril Ponnamperuma
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2012-12-06
Total Pages: 390
ISBN-13: 9400970722
DOWNLOAD EBOOKFor the first time in human history, developments in many branches of science provide us with an opportunity of formula ting a comprehensive picture of the universe from its beginning to the present time. It is an awesome reflection that the carbon in our bodies is the very carbon which was generated during the birth of a star. There is a perceptible continuum through the billions of years which can be revealed by the study of chemistry. Studies in nucleosynthesis have related the origin of the elements to the life history of the stars. The chemical elements we find on earth, HYdrogen, Carbon, Oxygen, and Nitrogen, were created in astronomical processes that took place in the past, and these elements are not spread throughout space in the form of stars and galaxies. Radioastronomers have discovered a vast array of organic molecules in the interstellar medium which have a bearing on prebiological chemical processes. Many of the molecules found so far contain the four elements, C, N, 0, H. Except for the chem ically unreactive He, these four elements are the most abundant in the galaxy. The origin of polyatomic interstellar molecules is an unresolved problem. While we can explain the formation of some diatomic molecules as due to two atom collisions, it is much more difficult to form polyatomic molecules by collisions between diatomic molecules and atoms. There may be other produc tion mechanisms at work such as reactions taking place on the surface of interstellar dust grains.
Author: Leopold Gmelin
Publisher:
Published: 1977
Total Pages: 131
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Edward Anders
Publisher: Springer
Published: 1981-01-01
Total Pages: 133
ISBN-13: 9780387109206
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Cyril Ponnamperuma
Publisher:
Published: 1983-01-31
Total Pages: 400
ISBN-13: 9789400970731
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Alfred E. Ringwood
Publisher: Springer
Published: 1979-09-10
Total Pages: 295
ISBN-13: 9780387903699
DOWNLOAD EBOOKSince the beginning of civilization, the origins of the Earth and Moon have been the subjects of continuing interest, speculation, and enquiry. These are also among the most challenging of all scientific problems. They are, perhaps to a unique degree, interdisciplinary, having attracted the attention of philosophers, astronomers, mathematicians, geologists, chemists, and physicists. A large and diverse literature has developed, far beyond the capacity of individuals to assimilate adequately. Consequently, most of those who attempt to present review-syntheses in the area tend to reflect the perspectives of their own particular disciplines. The present author's approach is that of a geochemist, strongly influenced by the basic phil osophy of Harold Urey. Whereas most astronomical phenomena are controlled by gravitational and magnetic fields, and by nuclear interactions, Urey (1952) emphasized that the formation of the solar system occurred in a pressure-temperature regime wherein the chemical properties of matter were at least as important as those of gravitational and magnetic fields. This was the principal theme of his 1952 book, "The Planets," which revolutionized our approach to this subject. In many subsequent papers, Urey strongly emphasized the importance of meteorites in providing critical evidence of chemical conditions in the primordial solar nebula, and of the chemical fractionation processes which occurred during formation of the terrestrial planets. This approach has been followed by most subsequent geochemists and cosmochemists.
Author: Harry Y. McSween
Publisher:
Published: 2003
Total Pages: 363
ISBN-13: 9780133510737
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Hugh R. Rollinson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Published: 2009-03-12
Total Pages: 296
ISBN-13: 1444308947
DOWNLOAD EBOOKEarly Earth Systems provides a complete history of the Earth from its beginnings to the end of the Archaean. This journey through the Earth's early history begins with the Earth's origin, then examines the evolution of the mantle, the origin of the continental crust, the origin and evolution of the Earth's atmosphere and oceans, and ends with the origin of life. Looks at the evidence for the Earth's very early differentiation into core, mantle, crust, atmosphere and oceans and how this differentiation saw extreme interactions within the Earth system. Discusses Archaean Earth processes within the framework of the Earth System Science paradigm, providing a qualitative assessment of the principal reservoirs and fluxes in the early Earth. “The book would be perfect for a graduate-level or upper level undergraduate course on the early Earth. It will also serve as a great starting point for researchers in solid-Earth geochemistry who want to know more about the Earth’s early atmosphere and biosphere, and vice versa for low temperature geochemists who want to get a modern overview of the Earth’s interior.” Geological Magazine, 2008
Author: Alexander von Humboldt
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Published: 2010-07-15
Total Pages: 306
ISBN-13: 0226360687
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe legacy of Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859) looms large over the natural sciences. His 1799–1804 research expedition to Central and South America with botanist Aimé Bonpland set the course for the great scientific surveys of the nineteenth century, and inspired such essayists and artists as Emerson, Goethe, Thoreau, Poe, and Church. The chronicles of the expedition were published in Paris after Humboldt’s return, and first among them was the 1807 “Essay on the Geography of Plants.” Among the most cited writings in natural history, after the works of Darwin and Wallace, this work appears here for the first time in a complete English-language translation. Covering far more than its title implies, it represents the first articulation of an integrative “science of the earth, ” encompassing most of today’s environmental sciences. Ecologist Stephen T. Jackson introduces the treatise and explains its enduring significance two centuries after its publication.