05 - THE FEMALE PERSPECTIVE - A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON CANCER REHABILITATION NEEDS, SOCIAL STIGMA AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN WOMEN WITH CANCER
05 - THE FEMALE PERSPECTIVE - A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON CANCER REHABILITATION NEEDS, SOCIAL STIGMA AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN WOMEN WITH CANCER

Author: Jeanette Kittang

Publisher:

Published: 2017

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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THE FEMALE PERSPECTIVE - A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON CANCER REHABILITATION NEEDS, SOCIAL STIGMA AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN WOMEN WITH CANCERJeanette Kittang1, Emma Ohlsson-Nevo21Faculty of Medicine and Health, u00d6rebro University, Department of Oncology, u00d6rebro University Hospital, u00d6rebro, Sweden.2 Faculty of Medicine and Health, u00d6rebro University, University Health Care Research Center, u00d6rebro, Sweden.BackgroundMore than 30.000 women in Sweden receive a cancer diagnosis every year and 11.000 of these women suffer from gynecological cancer or breast cancer. Early rehabilitation intervention is an effective way to support female cancer patients in improving their quality of life.Feminist theory states that society today has a male-centered definition of science because historically, knowledge has been based on the experience of privileged, white men and thereby excluding less privileged groups. MethodIn 2017, postal questionnaires were sent out to 521 women diagnosed with cancer. Main research variables were cancer rehabilitation needs based on types of cancer, age and education. Other variables were social stigma and health related quality of life.The aim of the study was to describe cancer rehabilitation needs, social stigma and quality of life in women with cancer in general and women with gynecological cancer and breast cancer in specific.ResultsThe final sample consists of 315 women, which gives a response rate of 60%. The most wanted cancer rehabilitation for the entire cohort was Information and supportive groups with people with the same diagnosis (39%), and the second most wanted was Individual weight training (33%). When the 16 listed rehabilitation needs were grouped into 10 groups, complexity showed that 30% of the women wanted no cancer rehabilitation intervention. 50% of the women wanted more than one rehabilitation intervention. 11% of the women wanted five different rehabilitation interventions. ConclusionThe result shows that there is a great need of cancer rehabilitation interventions among these women.It is notable how similar the groups are when based on type of cancer or age, this implies that a nurse needs to see the individual needs in every patient and not let the primary understanding be based on patient characteristics. For correspondence: [email protected].

Families Caring for an Aging America
Families Caring for an Aging America

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2016-11-08

Total Pages: 367

ISBN-13: 0309448093

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Family caregiving affects millions of Americans every day, in all walks of life. At least 17.7 million individuals in the United States are caregivers of an older adult with a health or functional limitation. The nation's family caregivers provide the lion's share of long-term care for our older adult population. They are also central to older adults' access to and receipt of health care and community-based social services. Yet the need to recognize and support caregivers is among the least appreciated challenges facing the aging U.S. population. Families Caring for an Aging America examines the prevalence and nature of family caregiving of older adults and the available evidence on the effectiveness of programs, supports, and other interventions designed to support family caregivers. This report also assesses and recommends policies to address the needs of family caregivers and to minimize the barriers that they encounter in trying to meet the needs of older adults.

Cancer Patients Interests In Participation In Cancer Rehabilitation
Cancer Patients Interests In Participation In Cancer Rehabilitation

Author: Emma Ohlsson-nevo

Publisher:

Published: 2017

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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Cancer Patients Interest in Participating in Cancer RehabilitationEmma Ohlsson-Nevo 1, 2, 3 , Ingrid Alkebro 1 , Johan Ahlgren 1,2,41 u00d6rebro University Hospital, u00d6rebro, Sweden, 2 IHMu00b2, Faculty of Medicin and healthu2074, u00d6rebro University, Sweden, 3 Centre for Health Care Sciences, u00d6rebro County Council, SwedenIntroductionRehabilitation for cancer patients aims at preventing and reducing the physical, mental, social and existential consequences of a cancer disease and its treatment. Cancer rehabilitation efforts should give the patient support according to their individual needs to with the purpose to live as good a life as possible. Objective The present study is part of a larger project, with the purpose to investigate rehabilitation needs, social stigma, health-related quality of life and the extent of given information, for people diagnosed and treated for cancer, in a region of Sweden. The aim of this study is to describethe rehabilitation need of cancer patients. Method A total of 1179 cancer patients diagnosed with 28 different cancer diagnosis between 150801-160701, were identified for a postal survey with the purpose to investigate rehabilitation needs, social stigma, health-related quality of life and the extent of given information. The response rate was 60%.Results More than 25% of the women wanted to attend 10 activiu00acties. Men were interested in participation in 3 activities. Patients younger than 50 years of age were most intereu00acsted in cancer rehabilitation as half the group wanted to attend 7 activities.The patients with only mandatory education had a small interest in rehabilitation. No activity attracted more than 23%. Among the university educated 27-47% wanted to attend 10 of the activities.There was a larger interest in cancer rehabilitation one year after the diagnosis than earlier in the cancer trajectory. Patients with breast and gynecologic diagnoses were interested in most activities. More than 25% wanted 10 activities. More than 25% of the patients with blood canu00accer wanted 7 rehabilitational activities, skin 6, gastro 6, prostate 4, colorectal 3, lung 3, head and neck 2. Among the urologic diagnoses, no activity attracted 25% of the patients.ConclusionPsychoeducational support groups, lectures and mental support, were the most wanted rehabilitational activities for cancer patients. Cancer rehabilitation are most important for women, younger patients, university educated and one year after diagnosis. Cancer rehabilitation did not attract mandatory educated and patients older than 70 years of age.

Communities in Action
Communities in Action

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2017-04-27

Total Pages: 583

ISBN-13: 0309452961

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In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults
Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2020-05-14

Total Pages: 317

ISBN-13: 0309671035

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Social isolation and loneliness are serious yet underappreciated public health risks that affect a significant portion of the older adult population. Approximately one-quarter of community-dwelling Americans aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated, and a significant proportion of adults in the United States report feeling lonely. People who are 50 years of age or older are more likely to experience many of the risk factors that can cause or exacerbate social isolation or loneliness, such as living alone, the loss of family or friends, chronic illness, and sensory impairments. Over a life course, social isolation and loneliness may be episodic or chronic, depending upon an individual's circumstances and perceptions. A substantial body of evidence demonstrates that social isolation presents a major risk for premature mortality, comparable to other risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, or obesity. As older adults are particularly high-volume and high-frequency users of the health care system, there is an opportunity for health care professionals to identify, prevent, and mitigate the adverse health impacts of social isolation and loneliness in older adults. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults summarizes the evidence base and explores how social isolation and loneliness affect health and quality of life in adults aged 50 and older, particularly among low income, underserved, and vulnerable populations. This report makes recommendations specifically for clinical settings of health care to identify those who suffer the resultant negative health impacts of social isolation and loneliness and target interventions to improve their social conditions. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults considers clinical tools and methodologies, better education and training for the health care workforce, and dissemination and implementation that will be important for translating research into practice, especially as the evidence base for effective interventions continues to flourish.

Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic
Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2017-09-28

Total Pages: 483

ISBN-13: 0309459575

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Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring.

Patient-Reported Outcomes
Patient-Reported Outcomes

Author: Joseph C. Cappelleri

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2013-12-20

Total Pages: 354

ISBN-13: 1439873674

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Advancing the development, validation, and use of patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures, Patient-Reported Outcomes: Measurement, Implementation and Interpretation helps readers develop and enrich their understanding of PRO methodology, particularly from a quantitative perspective. Designed for biopharmaceutical researchers and others in the health sciences community, it provides an up-to-date volume on conceptual and analytical issues of PRO measures. The book discusses key concepts relating to the measurement, implementation, and interpretation of PRO measures. It covers both introductory and advanced psychometric and biostatistical methods for constructing and analyzing PRO measures. The authors include many relevant real-life applications based on their extensive first-hand experiences in the pharmaceutical industry. They implement a wealth of simulated datasets to illustrate concepts and heighten understanding based on practical scenarios. For readers interested in conducting statistical analyses of PRO measures and delving more deeply into the analytic details, most chapters contain SAS code and output that illustrate the methodology. Along with providing numerous references, the book highlights current regulatory guidelines.

Parenting Matters
Parenting Matters

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2016-11-21

Total Pages: 525

ISBN-13: 0309388570

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Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.

Profiles in Caregiving
Profiles in Caregiving

Author: Carol S. Aneshensel

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1995-09-15

Total Pages: 406

ISBN-13: 0080539831

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Given medical advances and greater understanding of healthful living habits, people are living longer lives. Proportionally speaking, a greater percentage of the population is elderly. Despite medical advances, there is still no cure for dementia, and as elderly individuals succumb to Alzheimer's Disease or related dementia, more and more people are having to care their elderly parents and /or siblings. Profiles in Caregiving is practical source of information for anyone who teaches caregiving, acts as a caregiver, or studies caregiving. This book discusses recent research on stress factors associated with caregiving, and what factors impact on successful versus non-successful adaptation to the care-giving role. This is an expanding field in gerontology, and is also of interest to personality and social psychologists studying stress and interpersonal relations. Although there are many books on the cause and treatment of dementia, there has been a book that provides a research investigation into the factors associated with effective caregiving to dementia patients. - Conceptualizes caregiving as a multistage career whose impact on the caregiver continues to be felt after in-home care has ceased - Based upon a longitudinal survey of a demographically diverse sample of principal caregivers over a three-year period - Identifies caregivers who are most at-risk for adverse adaptation to the role - Describes preventative and clinical intervention strategies - Identifies post-care risk and issues - Identifies antecedents to successful adaptation - State of the art analytic techniques - Graphic presentation of empirical findings - Renowned multidisciplinary research team