Youth Employment and Training Programs
Youth Employment and Training Programs

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1985-02-01

Total Pages: 510

ISBN-13: 0309035953

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Do government-sponsored youth employment programs actually help? Between 1978 and 1981, the Youth Employment and Demonstration Projects Act (YEDPA) funded extensive programs designed to aid disadvantaged youth. The Committee on Youth Employment Programs examined the voluminous research performed by YEDPA and produced a comprehensive report and evaluation of the YEDPA efforts to assist the underprivileged. Beginning with YEDPA's inception and effective lifespan, this report goes on to analyze the data it generated, evaluate its accuracy, and draw conclusions about which YEDPA programs were effective, which were not, and why. A discussion of YEDPA strategies and their perceived value concludes the volume.

Youth Employment and Joblessness in Advanced Countries
Youth Employment and Joblessness in Advanced Countries

Author: David G. Blanchflower

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2007-12-01

Total Pages: 494

ISBN-13: 0226056848

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The economic status of young people has declined significantly over the past two decades, despite a variety of programs designed to aid new workers in the transition from the classroom to the job market. This ongoing problem has proved difficult to explain. Drawing on comparative data from Canada, Germany, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom, these papers go beyond examining only employment and wages and explore the effects of family background, education and training, social expectations, and crime on youth employment. This volume brings together key studies, providing detailed analyses of the difficult economic situation plaguing young workers. Why have demographic changes and additional schooling failed to resolve youth unemployment? How effective have those economic policies been which aimed to improve the labor skills and marketability of young people? And how have youths themselves responded to the deteriorating job market confronting them? These questions form the empirical and organizational bases upon which these studies are founded.

Protecting Youth at Work
Protecting Youth at Work

Author: National Research Council and Institute of Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1998-12-18

Total Pages: 335

ISBN-13: 0309064139

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In Massachusetts, a 12-year-old girl delivering newspapers is killed when a car strikes her bicycle. In Los Angeles, a 14-year-old boy repeatedly falls asleep in class, exhausted from his evening job. Although children and adolescents may benefit from working, there may also be negative social effects and sometimes danger in their jobs. Protecting Youth at Work looks at what is known about work done by children and adolescents and the effects of that work on their physical and emotional health and social functioning. The committee recommends specific initiatives for legislators, regulators, researchers, and employers. This book provides historical perspective on working children and adolescents in America and explores the framework of child labor laws that govern that work. The committee presents a wide range of data and analysis on the scope of youth employment, factors that put children and adolescents at risk in the workplace, and the positive and negative effects of employment, including data on educational attainment and lifestyle choices. Protecting Youth at Work also includes discussions of special issues for minority and disadvantaged youth, young workers in agriculture, and children who work in family-owned businesses.

The Black Youth Employment Crisis
The Black Youth Employment Crisis

Author: Richard B. Freeman

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 1986

Total Pages: 488

ISBN-13: 9780226261645

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In recent years, the earnings of young blacks have risen substantially relative to those of young whites, but their rates of joblessness have also risen to crisis levels. The papers in this volume, drawing on the results of a groundbreaking survey conducted by the National Bureau of Economic Research, analyze the history, causes, and features of this crisis. The findings they report and conclusions they reach revise accepted explanations of black youth unemployment. The contributors identify primary determinants on both the demand and supply sides of the market and provide new information on important aspects of the problem, such as drug use, crime, economic incentives, and attitudes among the unemployed. Their studies reveal that, contrary to popular assumptions, no single factor is the predominant cause of black youth employment problems. They show, among other significant factors, that where female employment is high, black youth employment is low; that even in areas where there are many jobs, black youths get relatively few of them; that the perceived risks and rewards of crime affect decisions to work or to engage in illegal activity; and that churchgoing and aspirations affect the success of black youths in finding employment. Altogether, these papers illuminate a broad range of economic and social factors which must be understood by policymakers before the black youth employment crisis can be successfully addressed.

Youth Employment and the Future of Work
Youth Employment and the Future of Work

Author: Council of Europe

Publisher: Council of Europe

Published: 2010-01-01

Total Pages: 234

ISBN-13: 9789287166579

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"Young people are particularly vulnerable to fluctuations in economic trends. Youth employment is therefore high on the policy agenda of those concerned with promoting social inclusion. While youth-targeted employment policies tend to combine both demand-side and supply-side approaches, it is important to recognise that traditional notions of "work" have more recently been challenged and reconceptualised. The old assumptions about gender roles, "job security" and "planned careers" have thus been transformed by the profound economic and social changes of recent decades. The essays collected here were developed from papers first delivered at a research seminar on youth employment organised by the partnership between the Council of Europe and the European Commission in the field of youth. They represent a diverse and, at times, provocative collection of analytic snapshots of the position of young people on the European labour market. What emerges is a shared commitment to finding flexible responses to economic globalisation and a concomitant concern for promoting the rights, interests and welfare of young people in both training placement and in the workplace."--P. [4] of cover.

Youth Employment in American Industry
Youth Employment in American Industry

Author: Robert Bernard Hill

Publisher: Transaction Publishers

Published: 1984-01-01

Total Pages: 140

ISBN-13: 9781412841948

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The persistent high level of unemployment among young people has become an issue of national concern. This study examines nationwide attitudes, practices, and policies of private employers toward hiring youth. A survey was conducted in 1981-82 among a random cross-sample of 535 private employers taken from the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Employer Information Report list (EEO-1). The major findings and recommendations were as follows: (1) strategies are needed to facilitate young workers' moving into long-term, higher-paying occupations; (2) private industry should adopt more flexible guidelines to increase teenagers' securing full-time, entry-level positions; (3) advancement opportunities for young workers must increase, especially in service firms and medium-sized and large businesses; (4) most employers surveyed believe that young people perform as well as adults in most areas; (5) the number of private industry-initiated job programs for minority youth should increase; (6) employers need to be made more aware of government programs designed to increase employment opportunities for youth; (7) studies should be done to find out why nearly half of the employers surveyed do not think that a subminimum wage differential will increase young people's job opportunities; (8) employers' willingness to hire minority youths is based on their commitment to helping disadvantaged young people more than on the level of wage subsidy offered; (9) and teaching basic skills in school and skills training on the job must be emphasized to increase youth employability. A description of the EEO-1 list, the sampling plan, the questionnaire, 17 tables, and a 37-item bibliography are appended. (CJS)