Pattern Recognition Applications in Chemistry and Pharmacology: A 'Pharmacophore Acetylcholinoreceptor' Subunit Environment Model

Pattern Recognition Applications in Chemistry and Pharmacology: A 'Pharmacophore Acetylcholinoreceptor' Subunit Environment Model

Author: William P. Ashman

Publisher:

Published: 1980

Total Pages: 15

ISBN-13:

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In the analysis of a compound's structure for the prediction of its resultant pharmacological activity, the ultimate goal of the researcher is the explanation of the physiological mechanisms and compound interactions involved from the moment the drug is administered until the time it completes its effect. Having this knowledge, the researcher can then design compounds producing the efficacious-ness desired. With this objective, investigators at the Research Division, Chemical Systems Laboratory, APG, MD have conducted chemical structure-biological activity relationship (SAR) studies (1) on various classes of compounds whose pharmacological actions 'in vivo' are directly related to the cholinergic system. The studies have included toxicity, cholinolytic and cholinomimetic activity, and the medicalprophylactic and/or therapeutic efficacy of compounds or mixtures of compounds against anticholinesterase poisoning. (Author).


Pattern Recognition Applications in Chemistry and Pharmacology. III. Clustering of Substituted Glycolic Acid Esters (Glycolates).

Pattern Recognition Applications in Chemistry and Pharmacology. III. Clustering of Substituted Glycolic Acid Esters (Glycolates).

Author: William J. Sacco

Publisher:

Published: 1978

Total Pages: 17

ISBN-13:

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A computerized pseudoclustering algorithm (SIMP) was written and applied to 12 chemical structure descriptors (features) which, on the basis of expert opinion, are required for substituted glycolic acid esters (glycolates) to have some type of physiological activity. The resulting clusters were then input to an algorithm (DISP) written to determine histograms of safety ratios (LP50/MED50) at specified levels and the overlap or confusion probability(Cp) between the histograms of the clusters and the general glycolate data base. Employing the results obtained from the SIMP and DISP programs a decision rule was devised which classified 421 glycolates at one of two levels of activity. The misclassification rate was 21% as compared to an expected rate of 39% based on random sampling. Similar results were obtained with respect to discriminating glycolates at one of two toxicity levels. The methodology appears general and applicable to any chemopharmacological structure-activity problem. (Author).


Chemometrics for Pattern Recognition

Chemometrics for Pattern Recognition

Author: Richard G. Brereton

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2009-09-28

Total Pages: 532

ISBN-13: 0470987251

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Over the past decade, pattern recognition has been one of the fastest growth points in chemometrics. This has been catalysed by the increase in capabilities of automated instruments such as LCMS, GCMS, and NMR, to name a few, to obtain large quantities of data, and, in parallel, the significant growth in applications especially in biomedical analytical chemical measurements of extracts from humans and animals, together with the increased capabilities of desktop computing. The interpretation of such multivariate datasets has required the application and development of new chemometric techniques such as pattern recognition, the focus of this work. Included within the text are: ‘Real world’ pattern recognition case studies from a wide variety of sources including biology, medicine, materials, pharmaceuticals, food, forensics and environmental science; Discussions of methods, many of which are also common in biology, biological analytical chemistry and machine learning; Common tools such as Partial Least Squares and Principal Components Analysis, as well as those that are rarely used in chemometrics such as Self Organising Maps and Support Vector Machines; Representation in full colour; Validation of models and hypothesis testing, and the underlying motivation of the methods, including how to avoid some common pitfalls. Relevant to active chemometricians and analytical scientists in industry, academia and government establishments as well as those involved in applying statistics and computational pattern recognition.


Drug Design

Drug Design

Author: E. J. Ariëns

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2013-10-22

Total Pages: 441

ISBN-13: 1483216101

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Drug Design, Volume VIII covers a critical review and new extensions of quantitative methods in drug design, the design of particular types of agents, such as synthetic sweeteners, and selective ion binding compounds. The book discusses the advances in the methodology of quantitative drug design; the application of pattern recognition to drug design; and the design of controlled drug delivery systems. The text also describes the use of receptor binding as a tool in the development of new bioactive steroids; the design of synthetic sweeteners; and the prospective assessment of environmental effects of chemicals. The design of selective ion binding macrocyclic compounds and their biological applications are also encompassed. Chemists, pharmacologists, biochemists, and people involved in drug design and manufacture will find the book invaluable.