On the Minimum Induced Drag of Wings -Or- Thinking Outside the Box
On the Minimum Induced Drag of Wings -Or- Thinking Outside the Box

Author: Albion H. Bowers

Publisher: BiblioGov

Published: 2013-06

Total Pages: 34

ISBN-13: 9781289136031

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Of all the types of drag, induced drag is associated with the creation and generation of lift over wings. Induced drag is directly driven by the span load that the aircraft is flying at. The tools by which to calculate and predict induced drag we use were created by Ludwig Prandtl in 1903. Within a decade after Prandtl created a tool for calculating induced drag, Prandtl and his students had optimized the problem to solve the minimum induced drag for a wing of a given span, formalized and written about in 1920. This solution is quoted in textbooks extensively today. Prandtl did not stop with this first solution, and came to a dramatically different solution in 1932. Subsequent development of this 1932 solution solves several aeronautics design difficulties simultaneously, including maximum performance, minimum structure, minimum drag loss due to control input, and solution to adverse yaw without a vertical tail. This presentation lists that solution by Prandtl, and the refinements by Horten, Jones, Kline, Viswanathan, and Whitcomb.

On the Minimum Induced Drag of Wings
On the Minimum Induced Drag of Wings

Author: Albion H. Bowers

Publisher: BiblioGov

Published: 2013-06

Total Pages: 36

ISBN-13: 9781289027582

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Of all the types of drag, induced drag is associated with the creation and generation of lift over wings. Induced drag is directly driven by the span load that the aircraft is flying at. The tools by which to calculate and predict induced drag we use were created by Ludwig Prandtl in 1903. Within a decade after Prandtl created a tool for calculating induced drag, Prandtl and his students had optimized the problem to solve the minimum induced drag for a wing of a given span, formalized and written about in 1920. This solution is quoted in textbooks extensively today. Prandtl did not stop with this first solution, and came to a dramatically different solution in 1932. Subsequent development of this 1932 solution solves several aeronautics design difficulties simultaneously, including maximum performance, minimum structure, minimum drag loss due to control input, and solution to adverse yaw without a vertical tail. This presentation lists that solution by Prandtl, and the refinements by Horten, Jones, Kline, Viswanathan, and Whitcomb

The Aerodynamic Design of Wings with Cambered Span Having Minimum Induced Drag
The Aerodynamic Design of Wings with Cambered Span Having Minimum Induced Drag

Author: Clarence D. Cone (Jr.)

Publisher:

Published: 1963

Total Pages: 40

ISBN-13:

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"The basic aerodynamic relations needed for the design of wings with cambered span having a minimum induced drag at specified flight conditions are developed for wings of arbitrary spanwise camber. Procedures are also developed for determining the physical wing form required to obtain the maximum value of lift-drag ratio at cruise, when the wing spanwise camber-line and section profiles are specified, by optimizing the wing chord and twist distributions with respect to both profile and induced drags. The application of the design procedure is illustrated by determining the physical wing form for a circular-arc spanwise camber line. The efficiency of this cambered wing is compared with that of an equal-span, flat wing of elliptical planform which satisfies the same set of fright operating conditions as does the cambered wing. The wing pitching- moment equations for optimally loaded cambered-span wings at design flight conditions are also developed for use in trim analyses on complete aircraft designs."--Page 1.

The Spanwise Distribution of Lift for Minimum Induced Drag of Wings Having a Given Lift and a Given Bending Moment
The Spanwise Distribution of Lift for Minimum Induced Drag of Wings Having a Given Lift and a Given Bending Moment

Author: Robert T. Jones

Publisher:

Published: 1950

Total Pages: 708

ISBN-13:

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The problem of the minimum induced drag of wings having a given lift and a given span is extended to include cases in which the bending moment to be supported by the wing is also given. Expressions for the spanwise load distribution and the minimum drag in terms of the lateral position of the load centroid are given. The results show a 15-percent reduction of the induced drag with a 15-percent increase in span over that for an elliptic loading having the same total lift and bending moment.

The Aerodynamic Design of Wings with Cambered Span Having Minimum Induced Drag
The Aerodynamic Design of Wings with Cambered Span Having Minimum Induced Drag

Author: Clarence D. Cone (Jr.)

Publisher:

Published: 1963

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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"The basic aerodynamic relations needed for the design of wings with cambered span having a minimum induced drag at specified flight conditions are developed for wings of arbitrary spanwise camber. Procedures are also developed for determining the physical wing form required to obtain the maximum value of lift-drag ratio at cruise, when the wing spanwise camber-line and section profiles are specified, by optimizing the wing chord and twist distributions with respect to both profile and induced drags. The application of the design procedure is illustrated by determining the physical wing form for a circular-arc spanwise camber line. The efficiency of this cambered wing is compared with that of an equal-span, flat wing of elliptical planform which satisfies the same set of fright operating conditions as does the cambered wing. The wing pitching- moment equations for optimally loaded cambered-span wings at design flight conditions are also developed for use in trim analyses on complete aircraft designs."--Page 1.

Wing Theory
Wing Theory

Author: Robert Thomas Jones

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2014-07-14

Total Pages: 227

ISBN-13: 1400860776

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Originator of many of the theories used in modern wing design, Robert T. Jones surveys the aerodynamics of wings from the early theories of lift to modern theoretical developments. This work covers the behavior of wings at both low and high speeds, including the range from very low Reynolds numbers to the determination of minimum drag at supersonic speed. Emphasizing analytical techniques, Wing Theory provides invaluable physical principles and insights for advanced students, professors, and aeronautical engineers, as well as for scientists involved in computational approaches to the subject. This book is based on over forty years of theoretical and practical work performed by the author and other leading researchers in the field of aerodynamics. Originally published in 1990. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.