Local and Network Transformations in the Auditory Midbrain
Author: Chen Chen
Publisher:
Published: 2012
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13:
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Neuronal Networks in Brain Function, CNS Disorders, and Therapeutics
Author: Carl Faingold
Publisher: Academic Press
Published: 2013-12-26
Total Pages: 537
ISBN-13: 0124158641
DOWNLOAD EBOOKNeuronal Networks in Brain Function, CNS Disorders, and Therapeutics, edited by two leaders in the field, offers a current and complete review of what we know about neural networks. How the brain accomplishes many of its more complex tasks can only be understood via study of neuronal network control and network interactions. Large networks can undergo major functional changes, resulting in substantially different brain function and affecting everything from learning to the potential for epilepsy. With chapters authored by experts in each topic, this book advances the understanding of: How the brain carries out important tasks via networks How these networks interact in normal brain function Major mechanisms that control network function The interaction of the normal networks to produce more complex behaviors How brain disorders can result from abnormal interactions How therapy of disorders can be advanced through this network approach This book will benefit neuroscience researchers and graduate students with an interest in networks, as well as clinicians in neuroscience, pharmacology, and psychiatry dealing with neurobiological disorders. Utilizes perspectives and tools from various neuroscience subdisciplines (cellular, systems, physiologic), making the volume broadly relevant Chapters explore normal network function and control mechanisms, with an eye to improving therapies for brain disorders Reflects predominant disciplinary shift from an anatomical to a functional perspective of the brain Edited work with chapters authored by leaders in the field around the globe – the broadest, most expert coverage available
Auditory Mechanisms: Processes And Models - Proceedings Of The Ninth International Symposium (With Cd-rom)
Author: Alfred L Nuttall
Publisher: World Scientific
Published: 2006-08-10
Total Pages: 586
ISBN-13: 9814477850
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe workshop brought together experts in genetics, molecular and cellular biology, physiology, engineering, physics, mathematics, audiology and medicine to present current work and to review the critical issues of inner ear function. A special emphasis of the workshop was on analytical model based studies. Experimentalists and theoreticians thus shared their points of view. The topics ranged from consideration of the hearing organ as a system to the study and modeling of individual auditory cells including molecular aspects of function. Some of the topics in the book are: motor proteins in hair cells; mechanical and electrical aspects of transduction by motor proteins; function of proteins in stereocilia of hair cells; production of acoustic force by stereocilia, mechanical properties of hair cells and the organ of Corti; mechanical vibration of the organ of Corti; wave propagation in tissue and fluids of the inner ear; sound amplification in the cochlea; critical oscillations; cochlear nonlinearity, and mechanisms for the production of otoacoustic emissions. This book will be invaluable to researchers and students in auditory science.
Influence of the Lateral Superior Olive on the Auditory Midbrain
Author: Nathaniel Tussing Greene
Publisher:
Published: 2012
Total Pages: 154
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK"Mammals localize sound along the horizontal plane principally using differences in the time and level of the sound present at the two ears. Evidence suggests that the lateral superior olive (LSO) initiates an excitatory pathway specialized to process interaural level differences (ILDs), and that the projections of LSO cells converge with additional ascending auditory pathways in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICC). Type I units in the ICC of decerebrate cats exhibit monaural and binaural response properties similar to those of LSO units, thus are supposed to be the midbrain component of an ILD processing pathway, but there have been no direct tests of this hypothesis. The goals of this thesis were to identify individual cells in the auditory midbrain whose responses are dominated by LSO influences, and re-evaluate the processing of complex sounds within this pathway. Most prior studies of LSO have been conducted under the influence of anesthesia, which can dramatically alter the balance of excitation and inhibition in the brainstem. The results of direct comparisons in decerebrate cat suggest that the responses of LSO units are consistent with providing the dominant excitatory input to ICC type I units, but that additional excitatory and inhibitory inputs result in hierarchical transformations in the ICC. Pharmacological inactivation of LSO while recording ICC units reveals that at least half of ICC type I units do indeed derive their principal excitatory drive from LSO, compared to few or no type V or O units. These results suggest that a functional segregation of LSO projections is maintained in the auditory midbrain. Processing of sounds within this pathway is then assessed by comparing the responses of LSO and ICC units to amplitude modulated (AM) tones, which are a prominent component of speech and other behaviorally important stimuli. The responses recorded in LSO suggest that AM sensitivity is enhanced at low levels compared to its inputs, and comparisons to ICC type I unit responses reveal additional improvement. These results suggest a previously unidentified role for the LSO to ICC type I pathway in the processing of AM stimuli. In conclusion, this thesis demonstrates that type I units are the midbrain components of an ILD processing pathway, and that additional inputs shape the responses of cells in this pathway. These results support the hypothesis that pathways initiated by some brainstem nuclei remain functionally segregated in the midbrain, and their responses are transformed via hierarchical processing"--Pages iv-v.
The Inferior Colliculus
Author: Jeffery A. Winer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2005-12-05
Total Pages: 720
ISBN-13: 0387270833
DOWNLOAD EBOOKConnecting the auditory brain stem to sensory, motor, and limbic systems, the inferior colliculus is a critical midbrain station for auditory processing. Winer and Schreiner's The Inferior Colliculus, a critical, comprehensive reference, presents the current knowledge of the inferior colliculus from a variety of perspectives, including anatomical, physiological, developmental, neurochemical, biophysical, neuroethological and clinical vantage points. Written by leading researchers in the field, the book is an ideal introduction to the inferior colliculus and central auditory processing for clinicians, otolaryngologists, graduate and postgraduate research workers in the auditory and other sensory-motor systems.
Brain Responses to Auditory Mismatch and Novelty Detection
Author: Jos J. Eggermont
Publisher: Elsevier
Published: 2023-07-11
Total Pages: 478
ISBN-13: 0443155496
DOWNLOAD EBOOKBrain Responses to Auditory Mismatch and Novelty Detection: Predictive Coding from Cocktail Parties to Auditory-Related Disorders provides the connections between changes in the ‘error-generating network’ and disorder-specific changes while also exploring its diagnostic properties. The book allows the reader to appreciate the outcomes of predictive coding theory in fields of auditory streaming (including the cocktail-party effect) and psychiatric disorders with an auditory component. These include mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer’s disease, attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia and the cognitive aspects of Parkinson’s disease. The book combines animal experiments on adaptation, human auditory evoked potentials, including MMN and their maturational, as well as aging aspects into one comprehensive resource. Compares and contrasts animal vs human data Provides detailed maturational and aging aspects Details the differences between auditory, visual and somatosensory MMN networks Reviews predictive coding in various psychiatric disorders
The Auditory Brain and Age-Related Hearing Impairment
Author: Jos J. Eggermont
Publisher: Academic Press
Published: 2019-01-03
Total Pages: 296
ISBN-13: 0128155450
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Auditory Brain and Age-Related Hearing Impairment provides an overview of the interaction between age-related hearing impairments and cognitive brain function. This monograph elucidates the techniques used in the connectome and other brain-network studies based on electrophysiological methods. Discussions of the manifestations of age-related hearing impairment, the causes of degradation of sound processing, compensatory changes in the human brain, and rehabilitation and intervention are included. There is currently a surge in content on aging and hearing loss, the benefits of hearing aids and implants, and the correlation between hearing loss, cognitive decline and early onset of dementia. Given the changing demographics, treatment of age-related hearing impairment need not just be bottom-up (i.e., by amplification and/or cochlear implantation), but also top-down by addressing the impact of the changing brain on communication. The role of age-related capacity for audio-visual integration and its role in assisting treatment have only recently been investigated, thus this area needs more attention. Relates the techniques used in the connectome and other brain-network studies to the human auditory-cortex and age-related hearing loss research findings Examines the side effects of age-related hearing impairment and their impact on the quality of life for the elderly Evaluates the importance of multi-modal means in the rehabilitation of the elderly with hearing aids and cochlear implants Discusses the role of neurostimulation and various training procedures to halt, or potentially reverse, cognitive decline in the elderly
Auditory Temporal Processing and Its Disorders
Author: Jos J. Eggermont
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Published: 2015
Total Pages: 371
ISBN-13: 0198719094
DOWNLOAD EBOOK'Auditory temporal processing' determines our understanding of speech, our appreciation of music, our ability to localize a sound source, and even to listen to a person in a noisy crowd. This book reviews the mechanisms for temporal processing in the auditory system, looking at how these underlie specific clinical disorders, and their treatment.
Nonlinear Dynamics in Human Behavior
Author: Raoul Huys
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2010-12-09
Total Pages: 216
ISBN-13: 3642162622
DOWNLOAD EBOOKHumans engage in a seemingly endless variety of different behaviors, of which some are found across species, while others are conceived of as typically human. Most generally, behavior comes about through the interplay of various constraints – informational, mechanical, neural, metabolic, and so on – operating at multiple scales in space and time. Over the years, consensus has grown in the research community that, rather than investigating behavior only from bottom up, it may be also well understood in terms of concepts and laws on the phenomenological level. Such top down approach is rooted in theories of synergetics and self-organization using tools from nonlinear dynamics. The present compendium brings together scientists from all over the world that have contributed to the development of their respective fields departing from this background. It provides an introduction to deterministic as well as stochastic dynamical systems and contains applications to motor control and coordination, visual perception and illusion, as well as auditory perception in the context of speech and music.
The Mammalian Auditory Pathways
Author: Douglas L. Oliver
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2018-03-10
Total Pages: 276
ISBN-13: 3319717987
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe auditory system is a complex neural system composed of many types of neurons connected into networks. One feature that sets the auditory system apart from other sensory systems, such as somatosensory or visual systems, is the many stages of neural processing that occur between the ear in the periphery and the cerebral cortex. Each stage is composed of specialized types of neurons connected in specific microcircuits that perform computations on the information about sound. To understand this processing, all the tools of neuroscience must be employed. The proposed text integrates cell biology, synaptic physiology, and electrophysiology to fully develop the topic, presenting an overview of the functional anatomy of the central auditory system. It is organized based on the neuronal connectivity of the central auditory system, which emphasizes the neurons, their synaptic organization, and their formation of functional pathways and microcircuits. The goal of the book is to stimulate research into the cell biology of the central auditory system and the characteristics of the specific neurons and connections that are necessary for normal hearing. Future research on the development of the central auditory including that employing stem cells will require such information in order to engineer appropriate therapeutic approaches.
